Africa’s montane forests, often referred to as the continent’s “water towers,” are facing a critical crisis.
These vital ecosystems play a crucial role in capturing moisture from clouds and fog, subsequently feeding into vital water sources for millions of people.
Montane forests are ecological powerhouses, teeming with biodiversity. Their dense vegetation acts like a sponge, absorbing moisture from the atmosphere.
This process is particularly crucial in regions with limited rainfall, as it ensures a steady flow of water in rivers and streams.
The Taita Hills in Kenya are a prime example of a region heavily reliant on water originating from surrounding forests.
However, a disturbing trend of deforestation is threatening this delicate balance. Over the past two decades, African montane forests have suffered a staggering 18% loss.
This rapid deforestation has led to a significant increase in cloud base height, approximately 230 meters on average.
As clouds rise higher, their capacity to release moisture through condensation is reduced, resulting in diminished water supply for downstream communities.
The consequences for local populations are severe. Reduced water availability can lead to acute shortages, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions.
This crisis has far-reaching socioeconomic impacts, affecting agriculture, livestock, and overall livelihoods.
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